Niki Cyakora Imashini Zipakira Amazi Yingenzi Munganda

Imashini ipakira amazi ni iki?

Ibisobanuro n'imikorere yibanze

A imashini ipakirani igikoresho cyihariye cyagenewe gupakira ibicuruzwa byamazi neza. Iyi mashini yuzuza ibintu birimo amazi nk'amazi, umutobe, amavuta, cyangwa imiti. Ifunga buri paki kugirango irinde kumeneka no kwanduza. Ababikora bakoresha imashini kugirango babungabunge ubuziranenge n'umutekano.

Igikorwa cyibanze cyimashini ipakira ibintu byikora muburyo bwo kuzuza no gufunga. Abakoresha bashiraho imashini kugirango ikore ingano nubwoko bwamazi. Imashini itanga amafaranga akwiye muri buri kintu. Hanyuma ifunga kontineri ikoresheje uburyo nko gufata, gufunga, cyangwa gusudira. Iyi nzira itanga uburinganire kandi igabanya amakosa yabantu.

Icyitonderwa: Isosiyete ihitamo imashini zipakira amazi kugirango zongere umusaruro kandi zigumane amahame akomeye yisuku. Izi mashini zifasha ubucuruzi kuzuza ibisabwa kugirango bipfunywe n'umutekano.

Uburyo Imashini Zipakira Amazi zikora

Imashini zipakira amazi zikora binyuze murukurikirane rwintambwe zihujwe. Inzira itangira iyo kontineri zigenda zerekeza kumukandara werekeza kuri sitasiyo yuzuye. Sensors itahura buri kintu kandi ikerekana imashini kugirango itange amazi. Sisitemu yo kuzuza ikoresha pompe, piston, cyangwa uburemere kugirango yimure amazi muri kontineri.

Nyuma yo kuzuza, imashini yimura kontineri kuri sitasiyo. Hano, imashini ikoresha ingofero, ibipfundikizo, cyangwa kashe kugirango ibone ibirimo. Imashini zimwe zikoresha ubushyuhe cyangwa igitutu kugirango zikore kashe yumuyaga. Moderi igezweho ikubiyemo ibiranga kuranga no kwandika buri paki.

Ababikora bahitamo ubwoko bwimashini ipakira ibintu bishingiye ku bwiza bwibicuruzwa, imiterere yabyo, nubunini bwibicuruzwa. Kurugero, piston yuzuza ikora neza hamwe namazi yuzuye, mugihe ibyuzuza imbaraga bikwiranye namazi yoroheje. Guhitamo imashini bigira ingaruka kumuvuduko, kweri, no gukora neza muri rusange.

Imashini zipakira amazi zorohereza umusaruro no kugabanya imyanda. Bafasha ibigo gutanga ibicuruzwa bihoraho kubakiriya.

Ubwoko Bwingenzi bwimashini zipakira amazi

Imashini Yuzuza Amazi Yikora

Imashini zuzuza amazi zikoresha imirongo ikora cyane. Izi mashini zuzuza kontineri umubare wuzuye wamazi utabigizemo uruhare. Abakoresha bategura imashini kugirango ihuze ibicuruzwa nubunini bwa kontineri. Sensor na sisitemu yo kugenzura ikurikirana buri ntambwe. Imashini ihindura umuvuduko wuzuye nubunini kubicuruzwa bitandukanye. Isosiyete ikoresha moderi yikora kubinyobwa, amavuta, na chimique. Izi mashini zigabanya amafaranga yumurimo no kongera umusaruro.

Impanuro: Imashini zuzuza ibintu byikora akenshi zirimo ibintu nko kwisukura no kumenya amakosa. Ibi bintu bifasha kubungabunga isuku no kugabanya igihe.

Imashini zipakira Semi-Automatic

Imashini zipakurura Semi-automatic zihuza intoki nuburyo bwikora. Abakora bashira kontineri munsi yuzuye. Imashini itanga amazi iyo ikora. Nyuma yo kuzuza, umuyobozi ashobora gukenera kwimura kontineri kuri kashe. Semi-automatic moderi ikwiranye nubucuruzi buciriritse. Zitanga ibintu byoroshye kubintu bitandukanye. Izi mashini zisaba ishoramari rito kuruta sisitemu yikora.

Imashini zipakira amasaketi

Imashini zipakira Sachet hamwe nudufuka kabuhariwe mugukorera kimwe cyangwa gupakira gake. Izi mashini zikora, kuzuza, no gufunga pouches zoroshye cyangwa amasaketi. Bakora neza kubicuruzwa nka sosi, shampo, hamwe nogukoresha ibikoresho. Imashini ikata ibikoresho byo gupakira mumuzingo, ikabishiraho, ikuzuza amazi. Hanyuma ifunga paki kugirango ikumire. Isosiyete ihitamo izo mashini kubikorwa byazo nubushobozi bwo gukora ibicuruzwa byiza, byoroshye.

Icyitonderwa: Imashini ipakira ibintu irashobora gushiramo ubwoko butandukanye, nka moderi yikora, igice-cyikora, cyangwa igikapu cyo gupakira, bitewe nibikenewe.

Imashini zuzuza icupa no gufata imashini

Imashini zuzuza amacupa na caping zifite uruhare runini mubikorwa byinshi. Izi mashini zuzuza amacupa amazi nkamazi, umutobe, amata, cyangwa imiti. Nyuma yo kuzuza, imashini ishyira kandi igakomeza ingofero kuri buri gacupa. Iyi nzira irinda ibicuruzwa kumeneka no kwanduzwa. Isosiyete ikoresha izo mashini kugirango ikore ingano nini vuba kandi neza.

Abakoresha barashobora guhindura imashini kubunini bw'amacupa atandukanye. Moderi nyinshi zirimo sensor igenzura niba buri gacupa ryujujwe kurwego rukwiye. Imashini zimwe nazo zanga amacupa atujuje ubuziranenge. Iyi mikorere ifasha ibigo gukomeza guhuzagurika no kugabanya imyanda.

Impanuro: Kubungabunga buri gihe imashini zuzuza amacupa hamwe na caping zituma imikorere ikora neza kandi ikagura ubuzima bwibikoresho.

Imashini ipakira amazi ya Aseptic

Aseptic yamashanyarazi yamashini apakira ibicuruzwa mubidukikije. Izi mashini zituma ibicuruzwa n'ibipfunyika bitarimo bagiteri nibindi byanduza. Nibyingenzi kubicuruzwa bisaba kuramba igihe kirekire nta firigo, nk'amata, imitobe, hamwe na farumasi.

Inzira ikubiyemo guhagarika amazi, ibikoresho byo gupakira, hamwe nu mwanya wuzuye. Imashini noneho yuzuza no gufunga paki mugikorwa kimwe gikomeza. Ubu buryo bubika uburyohe, ibara, nintungamubiri yibicuruzwa. Ibigo mu nganda z’ibiribwa n’imiti byishingikiriza ku mashini ya aseptic kugira ngo byuzuze amahame akomeye y’umutekano.

Imashini Yuzuza Amazi

Imashini yuzuza imashini ikora nkigice cyumurongo uhoraho. Izi mashini zuzuza kontineri mugihe zigenda zerekeza kumukandara wa convoyeur. Buri kintu kinyura munsi yumuzingo wuzuye, utanga urugero rwukuri rwamazi. Imashini zitondekanya zikwiranye nibikorwa bisaba guhinduka no guhuza byoroshye nibindi bikoresho.

Ababikora barashobora gukoresha imashini zitondekanya ibicuruzwa byinshi, kuva mumazi yoroheje kugeza kubintu binini. Guhindura umuvuduko no kuzuza amajwi biroroshye, bigatuma izo mashini ziba nziza muguhindura ibikenewe. Ibigo byinshi bihitamo inline yuburyo bukora neza nubushobozi bwo gupima hamwe niterambere ryubucuruzi.

Imashini ipakira ibintu bimeze nkuzuza inline ifasha ibigo kongera umusaruro no gukomeza ibipimo bihanitse mubipakira.

Imashini Yuzuza Piston

Imashini zuzuza piston zitanga neza kandi zihoraho kuzuza ibicuruzwa byinshi byamazi. Izi mashini zikoresha uburyo bwa piston kugirango zikurure amazi muri silinderi hanyuma uyisunike hanze muri kontineri. Abakoresha barashobora guhindura piston kugirango bagenzure amajwi yuzuye. Ihindagurika rituma piston yuzuza neza kubicuruzwa bifite viscose zitandukanye, nka sosi, cream, geles, ndetse na paste yuzuye.

Ababikora akenshi bahitamo imashini zuzuza piston kubwukuri kandi bwizewe. Igikorwa cya piston cyemeza ko buri kintu cyakiriye ibicuruzwa bimwe, kugabanya imyanda no kubungabunga ubuziranenge. Izi mashini zitunganya umusaruro muto kandi munini. Moderi nyinshi zitanga ibintu byihuta byihuta, byemerera abashoramari guhinduranya ibicuruzwa nibihe bike.

Impanuro: Imashini zuzuza piston zikora neza kubicuruzwa birimo uduce, nk'ibice by'imbuto cyangwa imbuto. Igishushanyo gikomeye kirinda gufunga kandi kigakora neza.

Ibyiza byingenzi byimashini zuzuza piston zirimo:

· Ukuri kwinshi kubintu byoroshye kandi binini

· Isuku ryoroshye no kuyitaho

· Guhinduranya kubunini bwa kontineri zitandukanye

Imashini Yuzuza Imashini

Imashini yuzuza imiyoboro yihariye yo kuzuza no gufunga ibicuruzwa muri tubes. Izi mashini zikoresha ibikoresho nka cream, amavuta, geles, umuti wamenyo, hamwe nuduti. Abakoresha bapakira imiyoboro irimo ubusa muri mashini, hanyuma yuzuza buri muyoboro wuzuye ibicuruzwa. Imashini ifunga umuyoboro ukoresheje ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, cyangwa guhonyora, bitewe nibikoresho.

Imashini yuzuza ibyuma bifasha ibyuma bya pulasitiki nicyuma. Moderi nyinshi zirimo ibiranga amatariki yo gutondekanya no gutondekanya umubare, bifasha ibigo gukurikirana ibicuruzwa no kubahiriza ibisabwa n'amategeko. Imashini zirashobora guhinduka mubunini butandukanye kandi zikuzuza ingano, bigatuma zikwira inganda zitandukanye.

Ababikora baha agaciro imashini yuzuza imashini kubyihuta kandi neza. Igikorwa cyikora kigabanya imirimo yintoki kandi cyongera umusaruro. Amasosiyete yo mu nganda zimiti, amavuta yo kwisiga, n’ibiribwa yishingikiriza kuri izo mashini kugirango atange ibicuruzwa bifite isuku kandi byiza.

Icyitonderwa: Kugenzura buri gihe no gusukura imashini yuzuza imiyoboro ifasha kugumana ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa no kongera ibikoresho igihe cyose.

Inyungu zingenzi zimashini zuzuza:

· Umuvuduko wihuse kandi wuzuye wuzuza no gufunga

· Guhuza nibikoresho bitandukanye

· Kongera umutekano wibicuruzwa no kwiyambaza ibicuruzwa

Inyungu Zingenzi Zimashini Zipakira Amazi

Kongera imbaraga n'umuvuduko

Ababikora bakeneye ibisubizo byihuse kandi byizewe.Imashini zipakira amazigutanga ibikorwa byihuta bikomeza imirongo yumusaruro. Izi mashini zuzuza no gufunga kontineri amagana cyangwa ibihumbi buri saha. Abakoresha barashobora gushiraho imashini ijyanye nibisabwa kuri buri gicuruzwa. Sisitemu yikora igabanya imirimo yintoki kandi igabanya igihe cyo hasi.

Abashinzwe umusaruro bakunze guhitamo imashini zifite sensor ziteye imbere hamwe na progaramu igenzurwa. Ibiranga bifasha amakipe guhindura umuvuduko nubunini byihuse. Isosiyete ibona igihe gito cyo kuyobora no kuzuza byihuse gahunda. Ubushobozi bwo gukora ibyiciro binini mugihe gito biha ubucuruzi amahirwe yo guhatanira.

Impanuro: Gushora mumashini yihuta yo gupakira ibintu bifasha ibigo guhuza ibihe byigihe no gutangiza ibicuruzwa bishya neza.

Kuzuza bihoraho kandi byuzuye

Ibintu bihoraho muri buri nganda. Abakiriya biteze ko buri gacupa, umufuka, cyangwa umuyoboro urimo ibicuruzwa bimwe. Imashini zipakira amazi zikoresha sisitemu yo gupima neza kugirango yuzuze neza. Tekinoroji nka piston yuzuza hamwe na gravit yuzuza igenzura ingano yamazi yatanzwe muri buri kintu.

Amatsinda agenzura ubuziranenge yishingikiriza kuri izo mashini kugirango agabanye ibicuruzwa bitandukanye. Kwuzuza byikora bigabanya amakosa yabantu kandi birinda kuzuza cyangwa kuzura. Kwuzuza neza birinda izina ryikirango kandi bifasha ibigo kubahiriza amabwiriza yinganda.

Abakoresha barashobora guhindura igenamiterere ry'ubunini butandukanye bwa kontineri hamwe n'ibicuruzwa biboneka. Ihinduka rishyigikira ibintu byinshi bikenerwa.

Kuzamura umutekano wibicuruzwa nisuku

Umutekano wibicuruzwa ukomeje kuba uwambere mubakora. Imashini zipakira amazi zirema ibidukikije bigenzurwa no kuzuza no gufunga. Moderi nyinshi zirimo ibyuma bidafite ingese kandi byoroshye-gusukurwa hejuru. Ibishushanyo birinda kwanduza no gushyigikira amahame akomeye yisuku.

Imashini zipakira Aseptic zijya kure muguhindura ibicuruzwa no gupakira. Ubu buryo butuma bagiteri nizindi zanduza ibicuruzwa byanyuma. Ibigo mu nganda zibiribwa, ibya farumasi, no kwisiga biterwa nizi mashini kugirango zirinde ubuzima bwabaguzi.

Icyitonderwa: Kubungabunga no gusukura buri gihe imashini zipakira ibintu bifasha kubungabunga isuku no kongera ibikoresho byubuzima.

Abakoresha bakurikirana uburyo bwo gupakira bakoresheje ibyuma byifashishwa. Izi sisitemu zerekana ibimeneka, kashe idakwiye, cyangwa ibintu byamahanga. Igisubizo cyihuse kuri ibyo bibazo cyemeza ko ibicuruzwa byizewe bigera kubakiriya gusa.

Ikiguzi cyo kuzigama no kugabanya imyanda

Ababikora baharanira kunoza umutungo no kugabanya amafaranga yakoreshejwe. Imashini ipakira amazi ifasha ibigo kugera kuri izo ntego mugutezimbere uburyo bwo gupakira. Sisitemu yikora igabanya gukenera imirimo y'amaboko, igabanya umushahara. Abakoresha barashobora gushiraho ibipimo byuzuye byuzuye, birinda kuzura no kuzura. Uku kuri kuganisha ku gutakaza ibicuruzwa bike no gupakira bike.

Isosiyete ikunze kubona igabanuka ryapakira imyanda. Imashini zitanga umubare nyawo wibikoresho byamazi na kashe neza. Ubu buryo bukuraho isuka no kumeneka, bishobora kwangiza ibicuruzwa no kongera amafaranga yisuku. Ubucuruzi nabwo bwungukira kuri fagitire zingirakamaro kuko imashini zigezweho zikoresha tekinoroji yo kuzigama ingufu.

Gupakira neza bigabanya umubare wibicuruzwa bifite inenge. Amakosa make asobanura gukora bike no kugaruka kubakiriya.

Amashyirahamwe menshi akurikirana ibyo yazigamye akoresheje ibipimo ngenderwaho byingenzi. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana ahantu hasanzwe aho imashini zipakira amazi zigira uruhare mukugabanya ibiciro:

Ababikora nabo batezimbere kuramba. Kugabanya imyanda bisobanura ibikoresho bike birangirira mu myanda. Isosiyete irashobora gusubiramo ibicuruzwa byoroshye mugihe imashini zitanga ibicuruzwa bimwe. Iterambere rishyigikira intego z ibidukikije no kuzamura izina ryikirango.

Abakoresha babona impinduka zihuse hagati yibicuruzwa. Guhindura byihuse bizigama umwanya kandi bigabanye igihe. Abashoramari barashobora kwitabira ihinduka ryisoko nta kongera ibiciro.

Imashini ipakira amazi itanga inyungu zifatika zamafaranga. Ibigo bishora muri izo mashini kugirango bikomeze guhatana no kurinda inyungu.

Inganda Gukoresha Imashini Zipakira Amazi

Inganda n'ibiribwa

Abakora inganda mu biribwa n'ibinyobwa bashingira ku mashini zipakira amazi kugira ngo ibicuruzwa bibe byiza n'umutekano. Izi mashini zuzuza amacupa, amakarito, na pouches ibinyobwa nk umutobe, amata, namazi. Abakoresha bashiraho imashini kugirango bakore ubunini butandukanye bwa kontineri hamwe nubwiza bwamazi. Amasosiyete akoresha izo mashini kugirango yirinde kwanduza no kongera igihe cyo kubaho. Ibigo byinshi bihitamo sisitemu yikora kugirango yongere umusaruro kandi igabanye ibiciro byakazi.

Impanuro: Guhinduranya buri gihe ibikoresho byuzuza bifasha kugenzura neza igice no kugabanya imyanda y'ibicuruzwa.

Porogaramu zisanzwe zirimo:

Amazi icupa n'ibinyobwa bidasembuye

Isosi n'imyambarire

Ibikomoka ku mata

Imashini ipakira amazi yemeza ko buri paki yujuje ubuziranenge bwisuku nibisabwa n'amategeko.

Inganda zimiti

Uruganda rwa farumasi rushingiye kubipfunyika neza kugirango birinde ubusugire bwibicuruzwa. Imashini zipakira amazi zuzuza vial, ampules, nuducupa imiti, sirupe, ninkingo. Abakoresha bakurikirana inzira kugirango birinde kwanduzanya. Imashini nyinshi ziranga tekinoroji ya aseptic, ituma ibicuruzwa bitagira sterile mugihe cyo kuzuza no gufunga. Iri koranabuhanga rishyigikira kubahiriza amategeko akomeye yubuzima.

Uruganda rukora imiti ruha agaciro izo mashini kubwizerwa bwazo nubushobozi bwo gukora ibicuruzwa byoroshye.

Amavuta yo kwisiga no kwita ku muntu ku giti cye

Amavuta yo kwisiga hamwe nibirango byita kumuntu akoresha imashini zipakira ibintu byo kwisiga amavuta yo kwisiga, shampo, na cream. Izi mashini zuzuza imiyoboro, amacupa, na jarisi hamwe nibicuruzwa byinshi. Abakoresha bahindura igenamiterere rya viscosities zitandukanye nuburyo bwa kontineri. Imashini nyinshi zirimo ibiranga ibirango na kode ya kode, ifasha ibigo gukurikirana ibicuruzwa no kubahiriza ibipimo byinganda.

Icyitonderwa: Kwuzuza mu buryo bwikora bigabanya ibyago byo kwanduza kandi bitezimbere ubujurire.

Imikoreshereze ikunzwe harimo:

· Amacupa ya Shampoo na conditioner

· Amavuta yo kwisiga hamwe na cream

Gutanga amasabune y'amazi

Amasosiyete yo kwisiga yunguka ihinduka ryihuse no kuzuza neza, bifasha ibicuruzwa bitandukanye no kumenyekana.

Inganda zikora imiti

Imashini zipakira amazi zifite uruhare runini mu nganda zikora imiti. Bakora ibicuruzwa nkibishishwa, acide, ibikoresho byo kwisiga, hamwe n’amazi yo mu nganda. Izi mashini zigomba kuba zujuje ubuziranenge bwumutekano kuko imiti myinshi ishobora guteza akaga. Abakoresha bishingikiriza kuri sisitemu zikoresha kugirango bagabanye ibyago byo kumeneka no guhura. Imashini zikoresha ibikoresho birwanya ruswa kugirango birinde kwangirika kubintu bikaze.

Ibigo bihitamo imashini zipakira amazi kugirango zishobore kuzuza ibikoresho byuzuye. Kwuzuza neza bifasha gukumira imyanda kandi itwara ubwikorezi bwiza. Imashini nyinshi zirimo ibintu byo gutahura no guhita bifunga. Ibi biranga kurengera abakozi nibidukikije.

Icyitonderwa: Inganda zikora imiti zikenera imashini zifite ibikoresho biturika. Igishushanyo gikomeza ibikorwa neza mugihe ukoresha amazi yaka.

Imashini zipakira amazi zifasha umusaruro mwinshi kandi zifasha ibigo kubahiriza ibisabwa byubuyobozi.

Isuku Ibicuruzwa n'amazi yo murugo

Abakora ibicuruzwa bisukura biterwa nimashini zipakira ibintu kugirango bikore neza kandi bihamye. Izi mashini zuzuza amacupa, pouches, hamwe na spray ibikoresho birimo ibintu byangiza, imiti yo kwisiga, hamwe nisabune yamazi. Abakoresha bahindura igenamiterere ry'ubunini butandukanye bwa kontineri n'ibicuruzwa biboneka.

Imashini zipakira amazi zifasha ibigo kugumana amahame yisuku. Kwuzuza mu buryo bwikora bigabanya ibyago byo kwanduza. Imashini nazo zitezimbere ibimenyetso byukuri, bishyigikira kumenyekanisha no kubahiriza.

· Kuzuza byihuse ibyiciro binini

· Igenamiterere rihinduka kubicuruzwa bitandukanye

· Ikidodo cyizewe kugirango wirinde kumeneka

Impanuro: Gusukura buri gihe ibikoresho birinda umutekano wibicuruzwa kandi byongerera igihe cyimashini.

Isosiyete yungukirwa no kugabanya ibiciro byakazi hamwe nigihe cyihuse cyumusaruro. Imashini zipakira amazi zituma abayikora bitabira vuba kubisabwa ku isoko.

Inganda z’amata

Inganda z’amata zikoresha imashini zipakira amazi mu gupakira amata, yogurt, cream, nibindi bicuruzwa byamata. Izi mashini zuzuza amakarito, amacupa, na pouches numubare wuzuye. Abakoresha bashingira ku buhanga bwa aseptic kugirango ibicuruzwa bigume bishya kandi bifite umutekano.

Imashini zipakira amazi zifasha kwirinda kwanduza ibidukikije bidasanzwe. Imashini zifunga paki neza kugirango wongere igihe cyo kubaho. Moderi nyinshi zirimo ibiranga amatariki yo kwandikisha no gukurikirana ibyiciro.

Abakora amata baha agaciro izo mashini kubwihuta ryabo no kwizerwa. Imashini zipakira amazi zishyigikira ibipimo bihanitse byubwiza n’umutekano mu gukora amata.

Imashini ipakira amazi yunganira ubuziranenge, umutekano, nuburyo bwiza mugupakira ibicuruzwa byamazi. Amasosiyete mu biribwa, imiti, no kwisiga yishingikiriza kuri izo mashini kugirango zikore neza. Guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere bituma abayikora bashobora kuzuza ibisabwa ku isoko. Mugihe ikoranabuhanga ritera imbere, izo mashini zitanga ibintu byateye imbere kandi neza.

Abayobozi b'inganda bazi uruhare rukomeye rw'imashini zipakira amazi mu musaruro ugezweho.

Ibibazo

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'amazi ashobora gukoresha imashini ipakira ibintu?

A imashini ipakirairashobora gutunganya amazi, imitobe, amavuta, isosi, imiti, ibikoresho byo kwisiga, amavuta, na geles. Abakoresha bahitamo imashini iboneye ishingiye kumazi yo gukenera no gupakira.

Nigute imashini ipakira amazi itezimbere isuku?

Imashini zipakira amazi zikoresha ibyuma bidafite ingese hamwe na sisitemu zikoresha. Ibi bintu bigabanya imikoranire yabantu no kwirinda kwanduza. Moderi nyinshi zirimo gusukura inzinguzingo kugirango hongerwe umutekano.

Imashini zipakira amazi zikwiranye nubucuruzi buciriritse?

Yego. Moderi-yikora kandi yoroheje ihuza imirongo mito yo gukora. Izi mashini zitanga ibintu byoroshye, igiciro gito, nigikorwa cyoroshye kubucuruzi butera imbere.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo gufata imashini zipakira amazi?

Abakoresha bagomba gusukura no kugenzura imashini buri gihe. Gusiga amavuta yimuka no kugenzura kwambara bifasha kwirinda gusenyuka. Ababikora benshi batanga gahunda yo kubungabunga no gushyigikirwa.

Imashini imwe irashobora gukora ubunini butandukanye?

Imashini nyinshi zemerera abakora guhinduranya hagati y icupa, umufuka, cyangwa ubunini bwa tube hamwe nibihinduka bike.