Ukusebenza Kwangaphakathi Komshini Wokupakisha Ubisi Kuyachazwa

Okuzenzakalelayoumshini wokupakisha ubisiyenza umjikelezo oqhubekayo wokupakisha ubisi. Ungabona umshini usebenzisa umqulu wefilimu yepulasitiki ukwenza ishubhu elime mpo. Igcwalisa leli shubhu ngomthamo oqondile wobisi. Okokugcina, vala ukushisa nokucindezela futhi usike ishubhu libe yizikhwama ngazinye. Le nqubo ezenzakalelayo idala izinzuzo ezinkulu zokusebenza kahle.

Lokhu kusebenza kahle kubalulekile emakethe enkulu futhi ekhulayo. Imboni yomhlaba wonke yokupakisha ubisi ikhombisa ukukhula okuqhubekayo, igcizelela isidingo sobuchwepheshe obusheshayo nobuthembekile.

Isinyathelo 1: Ukwakhiwa Kwesikhwama Kusuka Kufilimu

Uhambo olusuka emgodleni wepulasitiki oluya esikhwameni sobisi esivalekile luqala ngenqubo yokubumba enembile. Ungabuka njengoba umshini uguqula ishidi eliyisicaba libe yishubhu elimise kahle, elilungele ukugcwaliswa. Lesi sinyathelo sokuqala sibalulekile kubuqotho nokubukeka komkhiqizo wokugcina.

Ifilimu Ukukhulula kanye Ukushuba

Konke kuqala ngomqulu omkhulu wefilimu yepulasitiki ekhethekile efakwe ngemuva komshini. Umshini ukhulula le filimu bese uyiqondisa endaweni eyakhayo. Ukugcina inani elifanele lokushuba kwefilimu kubaluleke kakhulu.

Uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo lokulawula ukushuba luqinisekisa ukuthi ifilimu ihlala iqinile futhi ibushelelezi. Lolu hlelo luvimbela izinkinga ezivamile ezifana nemibimbi noma ukwelula. Ilawula ngokucophelela indlela yefilimu, idale ukuhanjiswa okungenamibimbi ukusuka kumqulu kuya kushubhu elenzayo. Lesi simiso esizenzakalelayo siqinisekisa isikhwama esingaguquki nesisezingeni eliphezulu ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Ithiphu ye-Pro: Amasistimu we-tension athuthukisiwe akhiwe ukuze kuncishiswe ukuchezuka kwe-shaft nokuphatha indlela yewebhu ngamarola angasebenzi. Lo mklamo uyisihluthulelo sokufinyelela ifilimu elibushelelezi ngokuphelele, elingenamibimbi kuwo wonke amasaka.

I-Tube Formation

Okulandelayo, uzobona ifilimu eyisicaba ihamba phezu kwengxenye ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi ikhola eyenza. Ikhola eyakhayo, noma ihlombe, iwumhlahlandlela omise okwekhoni. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukugoba ifilimu eyisicaba bese uyibumba ibe yindilinga, ifomu elifana neshubhu.

Ngemva kokwedlula ukhololo, ifilimu igoqa ipayipi elide, elingenalutho elaziwa ngokuthi ishubhu elakhayo. Amaphethelo amabili aqondile efilimu ayadlulana azungeze leli shubhu. Lokhu kugqagqana kudala umthungo olungele ukuvalwa. Ububanzi beshubhu elenzayo bunquma ububanzi bokugcina besikhwama sakho sobisi. Ukukhetha ifilimu nakho kubalulekile. Amafilimu ahlukene anikeza amazinga ahlukene okuvikela kanye nempilo yeshelufu.

Ifilimu ngokwayo kufanele ibe nezakhiwo ezithile ukuze isebenze kahle ngesivinini esikhuluumshini wokupakisha ubisi:

·Ubushelelezi: Ifilimu idinga indawo enokungqubuzana okuphansi ukuze itshuze kalula emshinini.

·Amandla Okuqina: Kufanele aqine ngokwanele ukuze amelane namandla okudonsa emishini ngaphandle kokudabula.

·Ukuqina Kokumanzisa Okungaphezulu: Indawo engaphezulu idinga ukwelashwa, njengokwelashwa kwe-corona, ukuze uyinki wokuphrinta ubambelele kahle.

Ukuvaleka Kokushisa: Ifilimu kufanele inyibilike futhi ixhumeke ngokuthembekile ukuze idale ama-seal aqinile, angavuzi.

Ukuvalwa Kokugcina Okuqondile

Njengoba ifilimu isongelwe eshubhuni elenzayo futhi imiphetho yalo idlulelene, isenzo esilandelayo ukwakha uphawu olume mpo. Lolu phawu lwehla ngobude besikhwama futhi luvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "i-center seal" noma "fin seal."

Umshini usebenzisa amabha okuvala ashisiwe ame mpo acindezela emaphethelweni agqagqene efilimu. Ezikhwameni zobisi ezenziwe ngefilimu ye-polyethylene (PE), indlela evame kakhulu ukuvala uphawu okungenangqondo.

Ukuvalwa kwe-Impulse kusebenza ngokuthumela ukushaya okusheshayo kwamandla kagesi ngentambo yokuvala. Lokhu kushisa ngokushesha ucingo, oluncibilikisa izingqimba zepulasitiki ndawonye. Ukushisa kusetshenziswa kuphela isikhashana ngaphambi kokuba ipulasitiki iphole futhi iqine, yakhe isibopho esihlala njalo, esiqinile. Le nqubo ephumelelayo idala i-seam eqondile ye-tube, ilungiselele ukuthi igcwaliswe ngobisi esigabeni esilandelayo.

Isinyathelo sesi-2: Ukugcwaliswa Ubisi Okunembile

Ngemuva kokuthi umshini wenze ithubhu eqondile, isigaba esilandelayo esibucayi siwugcwalisa ngobisi. Uzobona uhlelo lusebenza ngesivinini esimangalisayo nokunemba. Lesi sinyathelo siqinisekisa ukuthi isikhwama ngasinye siqukethe inani eliqondile lobisi, elilungele umthengi. Inqubo iyinhlanganisela ephelele yesenzo semishini kanye nokulawulwa kwenhlanzeko.

Ukudala Uphawu Oluphansi

Ngaphambi kokuba noma yiluphi ubisi lukhishwe, umshini kufanele uvale phansi kweshubhu lefilimu. Lesi senzo sidala isisekelo sesikhwama. Iqoqo lemihlathi yokuvala evundlile liyangena ukuze lenze lo msebenzi. Le mihlathi iyashiswa futhi icindezela ifilimu.

Lesi senzo sokuvala sisebenza kahle kakhulu ngoba senza imisebenzi emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ungabona ukuthi imihlathi idala kanjani uphawu olungezansi lwesikhwama esisha ngenkathi ngesikhathi esifanayo udala uphawu olungaphezulu lwesikhwama ngaphansi kwaso.

1.Imihlathi yokuvala evundlile icindezela phansi kweshubhu lefilimu elivulekile. Lokhu kudala uphawu lokuqala lwesikhwama esisha.

2.Lesi senzo esifanayo sivala phezulu kwesikhwama esigcwaliswe ngaphambilini esilenga ngaphansi kwaso.

3.Isisiki, esivame ukuhlanganiswa emihlathini, sibe sesihlukanisa isikhwama esiqediwe, esiwela ebhandeni lokuthutha.

4.Imihlathi iyadedela, ikushiye neshubhu elivalwe mpo manje elivalwe ngezansi, lakha isikhwama esingenalutho, esivuleke phezulu esilungele ukugcwaliswa.

I-Volumetric Dosing System

Inhliziyo yenqubo yokugcwalisa uhlelo lwe-volumetric dosing. Umsebenzi walolu hlelo ukukala umthamo oqondile wobisi esikhwameni ngasinye. Ukunemba kuyisihluthulelo, njengoba imishini yesimanje ifinyelela ukubekezelela ukugcwalisa nje ±0.5% kuya ku-1%. Lokhu kunemba kunciphisa udoti womkhiqizo futhi kuqinisekisa ukuvumelana kumthengi.

Iumshini wokupakisha ubisiisebenzisa uhlobo oluthile lwesistimu yokudosa ukufeza lokhu. Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zifaka:

·Ama-Mechanical Piston Fillers: Lezi zisebenzisa ipiston ehamba ngaphakathi kwesilinda ukuze zidonse bese ziphusha isethi yevolumu yobisi.

·Ama-Flow Meters: Lezi zinhlelo zikala umthamo wobisi njengoba lugeleza epayipini lungene esikhwameni, luvale ivalvu uma umthamo oqondiwe usufinyelelwe.

·Amasistimu Wokudosa Womoya: Lawa asebenzisa umfutho womoya ukulawula inqubo yokugcwalisa, enikeza ukusebenza okuthembekile nokuhlanzekile.

Uthi bewazi? Ungakwazi ukulungisa kalula ivolumu yokugcwalisa emishinini yesimanje. Amasistimu amaningi asebenzisa izilawuli ezihamba ngemoto, ezikuvumela ukuthi ushintshe inani lomthamo wamasayizi esikhwama ahlukene (isb., 250 ml, 500 ml, 1000 ml) ngqo kusuka kuphaneli yokulawula ngaphandle kwamathuluzi aphathwayo.

Ukukhipha Ubisi Esikhwameni

Ngokwakhiwa kwesikhwama futhi umthamo ulinganiswa, ubisi luyakhishwa. Ubisi luhamba lusuka ethangini lokubamba ngamapayipi ahlanzekile luye endaweni yokugcwalisa umlomo. Lo mbhobho unwebela phansi phezulu ovulekile wesikhwama.

Idizayini ye-nozzle yokugcwalisa ibalulekile ekugcwaliseni okuhlanzekile nokusebenza kahle. Imibhobho ekhethekile yokulwa negwebu isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukuxokozela njengoba ubisi lungena esikhwameni. Amanye ama-nozzle aze atshuze aze ashone phansi kwesikhwama futhi aphakame njengoba sigcwala, okunciphisa nakakhulu ukunyakaza futhi kuvimbele igwebu. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola isikhwama esigcwele sobisi, hhayi umoya.

Ama-nozzles aphinde abe namathiphu avimbela ukuvuza noma ama-valve okuvala. Lezi zici zivimbela ubisi ekuvuzeni phakathi kokugcwalisa, ukugcina indawo yokuvala ihlanzekile futhi ivimbele ukungcola komkhiqizo.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokudla, zonke izingxenye ezithinta ubisi kufanele zihlangabezane nezindinganiso eziqinile zokuhlanzeka. Lezi zingxenye zenzelwe ukuhlanzwa kalula nangokucophelela. Amazinga abalulekile afaka:

·3-A Amazinga Enhlanzeko: Lawa asetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yobisi futhi abeka imibandela eqinile yokwakhiwa kwemishini ehlanzekile nezinto zokwakha.

·EHEDG (European Hygienic Engineering & Design Group): Le mihlahlandlela iqinisekisa ukuthi imishini ihlangabezana nemithetho yenhlanzeko yaseYurophu ngokuklama okusebenzayo nokuhlola.

Lezi zindinganiso ziqinisekisa ukuthi inqubo yokukhipha ayigcini nje ngokunemba kodwa futhi ihlanzekile ngokuphelele, ivikela ikhwalithi nokuphepha kobisi.

Isinyathelo sesi-3: Ukuvala, ukusika, nokukhipha

Manje usulibonile ifomu lesikhwama futhi ugcwalise ngobisi. Isinyathelo sokugcina ukulandelana okusheshayo kwezenzo ezivala isikhwama, zisikhulule, futhi zisithumele endleleni. Lesi sigaba siqeda umjikelezo wokupakisha, siguqule ishubhu eligcwalisiwe libe umkhiqizo olungele imakethe.

Ukuthuthukiswa Kwefilimu

Ngemuva kokuthi isikhwama sesigcwalisiwe, umshini udinga ukudonsa ifilimu eyengeziwe phansi kwesikhwama esilandelayo. Ungabona ifilimu iqhubekela phambili ngobude obunembile. Lobu bude buhambisana ncamashi nobude besikhwama esisodwa.

Ama-friction roller noma amabhande abamba ishubhu lefilimu alidonsele phansi. Uhlelo lokulawula luqinisekisa ukuthi lokhu kunyakaza kunembile. Lokhu kunemba kubalulekile kumasayizi esikhwama angashintshi kanye nokubeka kahle kokuvala imihlathi nokusika. Yonke inqubo ivunyelanisiwe, ngakho ifilimu ima endaweni efanele ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Ukubeka uphawu phezulu nokusika

Njengoba isikhwama esigcwele sisendaweni, imihlathi evundlile yokuvala iyavaleka futhi. Lokhu kunyakaza okukodwa, okuphumelelayo kufeza imisebenzi emibili ebalulekile ngesikhathi esisodwa. Imihlathi ivala ingaphezulu lesikhwama esigcwele ngezansi ngenkathi futhi idala uphawu olungezansi lwesikhwama esilandelayo esingenhla.

Ngaphakathi emihlathini, i-blade ebukhali yenza isenzo sokugcina.

·Isipesheli sommese osikiwe sihamba ngokushesha phakathi kwemihlathi.

·Yenza ukusika okuhlanzekile, kwehlukanise isikhwama esiphelile neshubhu lefilimu.

·Izenzo zokuvala nokusika zibekwe isikhathi esifanele. Ukusikwa kwenzeka ngemva kokwenziwa kophawu, kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-blade ayiphazamisi ubuqotho bophawu.

Le nqubo evumelanisiwe iqinisekisa ukuthi isikhwama ngasinye sivalwe ngokuvikelekile futhi sihlukaniswe kahle.

Ukukhipha Isikhwama

Uma isisikiwe, isikhwama sobisi esiqediwe siyehla emshinini. Uzoyibona ihlale endaweni ehambisa amanzi ngezansi. Lesi sithuthi ngokushesha sithwala isikhwama sisuka ku-umshini wokupakisha ubisi.

Amasistimu okuthutha ngokuvamile enziwa ngensimbi engagqwali ukuze ahlangabezane nezindinganiso zokuhlanzeka. Imiklamo ekhethekile efana ne-FlexMove noma i-AquaGard conveyors ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuphatha amaphakheji aguquguqukayo njengezikhwama zobisi kahle.

Uhambo lwesikhwama alukapheli. I-conveyor ithutha izikhwama ziyise kumpahla ephansi yomfula ukuze kufakwe isibili. Izinyathelo ezilandelayo ezijwayelekile zihlanganisa:

·Ukuhlanganisa izikhwama ndawonye.

·Ukubeka amaqembu emakhrethini.

·Ukusebenzisa umshini wokwenza amakhadi ukuwafaka emabhokisini.

·Nciphisa amaqembu ukuze azinze nokudayise.

Lokhu kuphatha kokugcina kulungisa izikhwama zobisi ukuze zithunyelwe ezitolo.

Amasistimu Abalulekile Womshini Wokupakisha Ubisi

Amasistimu amaningana abalulekile asebenza ndawonye ngaphakathi aumshini wokupakisha ubisiukuqinisekisa ukuthi isebenza kahle, inembile, futhi ihlanzekile. Ungacabanga ngalokhu njengobuchopho bomshini, inhliziyo, namasosha omzimba. Ukuwaqonda kukusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi yonke inqubo ilawulwa futhi inakekelwa kanjani.

Iyunithi yokulawula ye-PLC

I-Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) ingubuchopho bomsebenzi. Le khompuyutha ethuthukisiwe isebenza njengesilawuli esimaphakathi, ephatha zonke izenzo kusukela ngesikhathi uqala umshini. I-PLC yenza ngokuzenzakalelayo imisebenzi eminingana ebalulekile:

·Ilawula isivinini sokusebenza komshini.

·Igcina izinga lokushisa elifanele lokuvala.

·Ibeka isisindo esinembile sesikhwama ngasinye.

·Ithola amaphutha futhi icuphe ama-alamu.

Usebenzisana ne-PLC nge-Human-Machine Interface (HMI), ngokuvamile okuyiphaneli yesikrini esithintwayo. I-HMI ikunikeza umbono ophelele obonakalayo wenqubo. Ibonisa ukubuyekezwa kwesimo sesikhathi sangempela futhi ikwazise nganoma yiziphi izinkinga, yenza lula ukuxazulula izinkinga futhi ikhulise ukukhiqiza kwakho.

I-Dosing System

Uhlelo lokudosa luyinhliziyo yenqubo yokugcwalisa, iqinisekisa ukuthi isikhwama ngasinye sithola inani elifanele lobisi. Ngenkathi eminye imishini isebenzisa ama-piston fillers, izinhlelo eziningi zesimanje zisebenzisa amamitha wokugeleza kazibuthe. Ama-Flow meters alungele ubisi ngoba akala umthamo wobisi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amandla, okuvikela ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Futhi zenza kube lula kuwe ukuthi ulungise amanani okugcwalisa futhi kulula ukuwahlanza. Ukuze ulondoloze ukunemba, kufanele wenze ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile. Ukuhlanza njalo nokuhlolwa kwamaphampu, ama-valve, nezigxivizo kuvimbela ukuvala nokuvuza.

Isistimu Yokuhlanza Indawo (CIP).

Uhlelo lwe-Clean-in-Place (CIP) lugcina umshini uhlanzekile ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuwuhlukanisa. Lolu hlelo oluzenzakalelayo luzungeza izixazululo zokuhlanza kuzo zonke izingxenye ezithinta ubisi. Umjikelezo ojwayelekile uhlanganisa lezi zinyathelo:

1. Pre-Rinse: Ikhipha ubisi olusele.
2. I-Alkali Wash: Isebenzisa isisombululo se-caustic njenge-sodium hydroxide ukususa amafutha.
3. I-Acid Geza: Isebenzisa i-asidi efana ne-nitric acid ukuze isuse i-mineral buildup, noma "itshe lobisi."
4. Ukugeza Kokugcina: Igeza zonke izinto zokuhlanza ngamanzi ahlanzekile.

Ukuhlola Ukuqinisekisa: Ngemva komjikelezo we-CIP, ungasebenzisa amathuluzi afana nemitha ye-ATP. Le divayisi ihlola noma iyiphi into esele ye-organic, iqinisekisa ukuthi izindawo ezingaphezulu zihlanzeke ngempela futhi zilungele ukukhiqizwa okulandelayo.

Usubonile ukuthi umshini wokupakisha ubisi wenza kanjani umjikelezo ongenamthungo. Yakha ishubhu ngefilimu, igcwalise ngobisi, bese ivala futhi isike isikhwama sibe mahhala. Le nqubo ezenzakalelayo ikunikeza isivinini esikhulu, inhlanzeko, nokungaguquguquki, ikhiqiza izinkulungwane zezikhwama njalo ngehora. Ikusasa lalobu buchwepheshe nalo lithuthuka ngezinto ezintsha ezithokozisayo.